diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index e5e6f6f89..342b6bd4d 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -7,35 +7,36 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 
 ## [Unreleased]
 
+- Nothing yet!
+
+## [4.3.4] - 2026-09-02
+
 ### Added
 
-- Add `@tailwindcss/turbopack` package to run Tailwind CSS with Next.js ([20367](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20367))
+- Add `@tailwindcss/turbopack`, a Turbopack loader for using Tailwind CSS with Next.js ([#20367](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20367))
 
 ### Fixed
 
 - Ensure watch mode detects changes to symlinked `@source` files whose real paths aren't otherwise scanned ([#20356](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20356))
-- Ensure custom variants using `@scope` wrap the generated utilities instead of nesting inside them ([#20369](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20369))
-- Fix flattening of `@scope` at-rules ([#20369](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20369))
-- Fix standalone declarations in `@scope`, wrap them in `:where(:scope)` ([#20369](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20369))
-- Always emit a space for empty fallback values in CSS variables (e.g. `var(--tw-blur,)` → `var(--tw-blur, )`) ([#20373](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20373))
-- Canonicalization: convert arbitrary breakpoint and container query variants to named equivalents (e.g. `max-[64rem]` → `max-lg`) ([#20380](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20380))
+- Ensure variants using `@scope` wrap generated utilities instead of nesting inside them ([#20369](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20369))
+- Ensure nested `@scope` rules preserve their scoping semantics when flattened ([#20369](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20369))
+- Preserve declarations directly inside `@scope` by wrapping them in `:where(:scope)` ([#20369](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20369))
+- Ensure generated utilities include a space in empty `var()` fallbacks (e.g. `var(--tw-blur,)` → `var(--tw-blur, )`) ([#20373](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20373))
+- Canonicalization: convert arbitrary breakpoint and container query variants to named equivalents (e.g. `max-[64rem]:flex` → `max-lg:flex`) ([#20380](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20380))
 - Prevent `@tailwindcss/vite` from crashing on every edit under Vite's experimental `bundledDev` mode ([#20379](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20379))
 - Ensure `@tailwindcss/oxide` falls back to WASM on platforms without native bindings ([#20383](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20383))
-- Detect classes in Ruby percent literals using angle brackets or custom delimiters (e.g. `%w<flex>`, `%w|flex|`), including in Slim and Haml templates ([#20387](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20387))
-- Preserve whitespace in `--default(…)` values in custom functional utilities (e.g. `--default(box alphabetic)` no longer becomes `boxalphabetic`) ([#20392](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20392))
-- Don't scan gitignored directories (e.g. `node_modules` and `.git`) when the project uses a safelist-style `.gitignore` (e.g. `/*` followed by `!/…` negations) ([#20397](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20397))
+- Extract class candidates from Ruby `%w` and `%W` literals using angle brackets or custom delimiters (e.g. `%w<flex>`, `%w|flex|`), including in Slim and Haml templates ([#20387](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20387))
+- Preserve whitespace in `--default(…)` values in functional `@utility` definitions (e.g. `--default(box alphabetic)` no longer becomes `boxalphabetic`) ([#20392](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20392))
+- Ensure automatic source detection respects negation-based `.gitignore` files (e.g. `/*` followed by `!/…` patterns) ([#20397](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20397))
 - Ensure root `theme('…')` namespace lookups in JavaScript plugins and config files return the full namespace object instead of the value of its `DEFAULT` key ([#20399](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20399))
-- Skip ignored directories entirely when computing watch globs (`scanner.globs`), instead of walking their full contents on every rebuild ([#20408](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20408))
-- Oxide: drop invalid UTF-8 candidates ([#20389](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20389))
-- `@tailwindcss/vite` no longer forces a full page reload for external files (e.g.: `.php` files) ([#20414](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/issues/20414))
+- Skip ignored directories when generating watch globs instead of walking their contents on every rebuild ([#20408](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20408))
+- Drop invalid UTF-8 candidates during class detection ([#20389](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20389))
+- Prevent `@tailwindcss/vite` from forcing full-page reloads for scanned files that Vite does not handle as modules (e.g. `.php` files) ([#20414](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20414))
 - Canonicalization: don't merge utilities that reference different theme variables set to CSS-wide keywords like `unset` ([#20417](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20417))
 - Don't generate utilities when a modifier is used that would otherwise be silently ignored (e.g. `rounded-sm/[5]`, `shadow-sm/foo`, `stroke-2/50`) ([#20419](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20419))
-- Only normalize top-level `and`, `or`, and `not` keywords in `supports-[…]` variants (e.g. `selector(a: not (.foo))` → `selector(a:not(.foo))`) ([#20420](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20420))
+- Preserve `and`, `or`, and `not` inside selectors in `supports-[…]` variants (e.g. `supports-[selector(a:not(.foo))]:flex`) ([#20420](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20420))
 - Don't warn about Angular's `::ng-deep` and `:host-context()` when optimizing CSS ([#20434](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20434))
 - Don't generate CSS for candidates containing an empty additional modifier (e.g. `bg-red-500/50/` and `group-hover/foo//bar:flex`) ([#20466](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20466))
-- Sort `min-*`, `max-*`, and container query variants with decimal values numerically (e.g. `min-[40.25rem]` before `min-[40.5rem]`) ([#20512](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20512))
-- Ensure CSS comments ending with `\*/` are closed correctly instead of swallowing the CSS that follows (e.g. `/* C:\temp\*/`) ([#20508](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20508))
-- Improve style invalidation performance of `group-*` and `peer-*` variants ([#20513](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/pull/20513))
 
 ## [4.3.3] - 2026-07-16
 
@@ -4123,7 +4124,8 @@ No release notes
 
 - Everything!
 
-[unreleased]: https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/compare/v4.3.3...HEAD
+[unreleased]: https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/compare/v4.3.4...HEAD
+[4.3.4]: https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/compare/v4.3.3...v4.3.4
 [4.3.3]: https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/compare/v4.3.2...v4.3.3
 [4.3.2]: https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/compare/v4.3.1...v4.3.2
 [4.3.1]: https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/compare/v4.3.0...v4.3.1
diff --git a/crates/node/npm/android-arm-eabi/package.json b/crates/node/npm/android-arm-eabi/package.json
index d46ceb237..fa1ba6ef4 100644
--- a/crates/node/npm/android-arm-eabi/package.json
+++ b/crates/node/npm/android-arm-eabi/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@tailwindcss/oxide-android-arm-eabi",
-  "version": "4.3.3",
+  "version": "4.3.4",
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",
     "url": "git+https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss.git",
diff --git a/crates/node/npm/android-arm64/package.json b/crates/node/npm/android-arm64/package.json
index e6e9d577d..691b65a57 100644
--- a/crates/node/npm/android-arm64/package.json
+++ b/crates/node/npm/android-arm64/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@tailwindcss/oxide-android-arm64",
-  "version": "4.3.3",
+  "version": "4.3.4",
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",
     "url": "git+https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss.git",
diff --git a/crates/node/npm/darwin-arm64/package.json b/crates/node/npm/darwin-arm64/package.json
index 1cb737c2e..effdd7785 100644
--- a/crates/node/npm/darwin-arm64/package.json
+++ b/crates/node/npm/darwin-arm64/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@tailwindcss/oxide-darwin-arm64",
-  "version": "4.3.3",
+  "version": "4.3.4",
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",
     "url": "git+https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss.git",
diff --git a/crates/node/npm/darwin-x64/package.json b/crates/node/npm/darwin-x64/package.json
index ffd75e54b..86a95c361 100644
--- a/crates/node/npm/darwin-x64/package.json
+++ b/crates/node/npm/darwin-x64/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@tailwindcss/oxide-darwin-x64",
-  "version": "4.3.3",
+  "version": "4.3.4",
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",
     "url": "git+https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss.git",
diff --git a/crates/node/npm/freebsd-x64/package.json b/crates/node/npm/freebsd-x64/package.json
index e248f39d1..e5b19a60f 100644
--- a/crates/node/npm/freebsd-x64/package.json
+++ b/crates/node/npm/freebsd-x64/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@tailwindcss/oxide-freebsd-x64",
-  "version": "4.3.3",
+  "version": "4.3.4",
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",
     "url": "git+https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss.git",
diff --git a/crates/node/npm/linux-arm-gnueabihf/package.json b/crates/node/npm/linux-arm-gnueabihf/package.json
index 50d2aef73..77193caf1 100644
--- a/crates/node/npm/linux-arm-gnueabihf/package.json
+++ b/crates/node/npm/linux-arm-gnueabihf/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@tailwindcss/oxide-linux-arm-gnueabihf",
-  "version": "4.3.3",
+  "version": "4.3.4",
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",
     "url": "git+https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss.git",
diff --git a/crates/node/npm/linux-arm64-gnu/package.json b/crates/node/npm/linux-arm64-gnu/package.json
index 5875213f8..ffd2c0232 100644
--- a/crates/node/npm/linux-arm64-gnu/package.json
+++ b/crates/node/npm/linux-arm64-gnu/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@tailwindcss/oxide-linux-arm64-gnu",
-  "version": "4.3.3",
+  "version": "4.3.4",
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",
     "url": "git+https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss.git",
diff --git a/crates/node/npm/linux-arm64-musl/package.json b/crates/node/npm/linux-arm64-musl/package.json
index 9da37f3fd..21396cded 100644
--- a/crates/node/npm/linux-arm64-musl/package.json
+++ b/crates/node/npm/linux-arm64-musl/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@tailwindcss/oxide-linux-arm64-musl",
-  "version": "4.3.3",
+  "version": "4.3.4",
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",
     "url": "git+https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss.git",
diff --git a/crates/node/npm/linux-x64-gnu/package.json b/crates/node/npm/linux-x64-gnu/package.json
index d409743fa..b19c32c7e 100644
--- a/crates/node/npm/linux-x64-gnu/package.json
+++ b/crates/node/npm/linux-x64-gnu/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@tailwindcss/oxide-linux-x64-gnu",
-  "version": "4.3.3",
+  "version": "4.3.4",
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",
     "url": "git+https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss.git",
diff --git a/crates/node/npm/linux-x64-musl/package.json b/crates/node/npm/linux-x64-musl/package.json
index 5b404fd70..6881ee939 100644
--- a/crates/node/npm/linux-x64-musl/package.json
+++ b/crates/node/npm/linux-x64-musl/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@tailwindcss/oxide-linux-x64-musl",
-  "version": "4.3.3",
+  "version": "4.3.4",
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",
     "url": "git+https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss.git",
diff --git a/crates/node/npm/wasm32-wasi/package.json b/crates/node/npm/wasm32-wasi/package.json
index cee9fb05a..6c2689e4c 100644
--- a/crates/node/npm/wasm32-wasi/package.json
+++ b/crates/node/npm/wasm32-wasi/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@tailwindcss/oxide-wasm32-wasi",
-  "version": "4.3.3",
+  "version": "4.3.4",
   "main": "tailwindcss-oxide.wasi.cjs",
   "files": [
     "tailwindcss-oxide.wasm32-wasi.wasm",
diff --git a/crates/node/npm/win32-arm64-msvc/package.json b/crates/node/npm/win32-arm64-msvc/package.json
index 991727a32..e4a72f436 100644
--- a/crates/node/npm/win32-arm64-msvc/package.json
+++ b/crates/node/npm/win32-arm64-msvc/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@tailwindcss/oxide-win32-arm64-msvc",
-  "version": "4.3.3",
+  "version": "4.3.4",
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",
     "url": "git+https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss.git",
diff --git a/crates/node/npm/win32-x64-msvc/package.json b/crates/node/npm/win32-x64-msvc/package.json
index 82d75c300..e584a12be 100644
--- a/crates/node/npm/win32-x64-msvc/package.json
+++ b/crates/node/npm/win32-x64-msvc/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@tailwindcss/oxide-win32-x64-msvc",
-  "version": "4.3.3",
+  "version": "4.3.4",
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",
     "url": "git+https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss.git",
diff --git a/crates/node/package.json b/crates/node/package.json
index be09427fb..71b429637 100644
--- a/crates/node/package.json
+++ b/crates/node/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@tailwindcss/oxide",
-  "version": "4.3.3",
+  "version": "4.3.4",
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",
     "url": "git+https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss.git",
diff --git a/packages/@tailwindcss-browser/package.json b/packages/@tailwindcss-browser/package.json
index 70af78c1e..3c1af403e 100644
--- a/packages/@tailwindcss-browser/package.json
+++ b/packages/@tailwindcss-browser/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@tailwindcss/browser",
-  "version": "4.3.3",
+  "version": "4.3.4",
   "description": "A utility-first CSS framework for rapidly building custom user interfaces.",
   "license": "MIT",
   "main": "./dist/index.global.js",
diff --git a/packages/@tailwindcss-cli/package.json b/packages/@tailwindcss-cli/package.json
index 7fa5b5500..f4b40385e 100644
--- a/packages/@tailwindcss-cli/package.json
+++ b/packages/@tailwindcss-cli/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@tailwindcss/cli",
-  "version": "4.3.3",
+  "version": "4.3.4",
   "description": "A utility-first CSS framework for rapidly building custom user interfaces.",
   "license": "MIT",
   "repository": {
diff --git a/packages/@tailwindcss-cli/src/commands/build/index.ts b/packages/@tailwindcss-cli/src/commands/build/index.ts
index ffef2ae8b..c85eda28c 100644
--- a/packages/@tailwindcss-cli/src/commands/build/index.ts
+++ b/packages/@tailwindcss-cli/src/commands/build/index.ts
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ export async function handle(args: Result<ReturnType<typeof options>>) {
             // Create a new compiler, given the new `input`
             ;[compiler, scanner] = await createCompiler(input, I)
 
-            // Successfully created a new compiler, so the `fullRebuildPaths`
+            // Succesfully created a new compiler, so the `fullRebuildPaths`
             // will be updated. If other errors occur, we should be able to
             // restore the paths unconditionally.
             backupRebuildPaths = fullRebuildPaths.slice()
diff --git a/packages/@tailwindcss-node/package.json b/packages/@tailwindcss-node/package.json
index 0eced7366..b7b96599c 100644
--- a/packages/@tailwindcss-node/package.json
+++ b/packages/@tailwindcss-node/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@tailwindcss/node",
-  "version": "4.3.3",
+  "version": "4.3.4",
   "description": "A utility-first CSS framework for rapidly building custom user interfaces.",
   "license": "MIT",
   "repository": {
diff --git a/packages/@tailwindcss-postcss/package.json b/packages/@tailwindcss-postcss/package.json
index 891578509..0144d0c7d 100644
--- a/packages/@tailwindcss-postcss/package.json
+++ b/packages/@tailwindcss-postcss/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@tailwindcss/postcss",
-  "version": "4.3.3",
+  "version": "4.3.4",
   "description": "PostCSS plugin for Tailwind CSS, a utility-first CSS framework for rapidly building custom user interfaces",
   "license": "MIT",
   "repository": {
diff --git a/packages/@tailwindcss-standalone/package.json b/packages/@tailwindcss-standalone/package.json
index 24f8c93c7..0ba215781 100644
--- a/packages/@tailwindcss-standalone/package.json
+++ b/packages/@tailwindcss-standalone/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@tailwindcss/standalone",
-  "version": "4.3.3",
+  "version": "4.3.4",
   "private": true,
   "description": "Standalone CLI for Tailwind CSS",
   "license": "MIT",
diff --git a/packages/@tailwindcss-turbopack/package.json b/packages/@tailwindcss-turbopack/package.json
index abdbbe90e..1e8601304 100644
--- a/packages/@tailwindcss-turbopack/package.json
+++ b/packages/@tailwindcss-turbopack/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@tailwindcss/turbopack",
-  "version": "4.3.3",
+  "version": "4.3.4",
   "description": "A Turbopack loader for Tailwind CSS v4.",
   "license": "MIT",
   "repository": {
diff --git a/packages/@tailwindcss-upgrade/package.json b/packages/@tailwindcss-upgrade/package.json
index e960d7677..97533500d 100644
--- a/packages/@tailwindcss-upgrade/package.json
+++ b/packages/@tailwindcss-upgrade/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@tailwindcss/upgrade",
-  "version": "4.3.3",
+  "version": "4.3.4",
   "description": "A utility-first CSS framework for rapidly building custom user interfaces.",
   "license": "MIT",
   "repository": {
diff --git a/packages/@tailwindcss-vite/package.json b/packages/@tailwindcss-vite/package.json
index 821704a1d..4ed42fb26 100644
--- a/packages/@tailwindcss-vite/package.json
+++ b/packages/@tailwindcss-vite/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@tailwindcss/vite",
-  "version": "4.3.3",
+  "version": "4.3.4",
   "description": "A utility-first CSS framework for rapidly building custom user interfaces.",
   "license": "MIT",
   "repository": {
diff --git a/packages/@tailwindcss-webpack/package.json b/packages/@tailwindcss-webpack/package.json
index dce09429d..7a01e849a 100644
--- a/packages/@tailwindcss-webpack/package.json
+++ b/packages/@tailwindcss-webpack/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@tailwindcss/webpack",
-  "version": "4.3.3",
+  "version": "4.3.4",
   "description": "A webpack loader for Tailwind CSS v4.",
   "license": "MIT",
   "repository": {
diff --git a/packages/tailwindcss/package.json b/packages/tailwindcss/package.json
index d1288d6fa..9a232cb24 100644
--- a/packages/tailwindcss/package.json
+++ b/packages/tailwindcss/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "tailwindcss",
-  "version": "4.3.3",
+  "version": "4.3.4",
   "description": "A utility-first CSS framework for rapidly building custom user interfaces.",
   "license": "MIT",
   "repository": {
diff --git a/packages/tailwindcss/src/candidate.ts b/packages/tailwindcss/src/candidate.ts
index a389af365..b4a5988e0 100644
--- a/packages/tailwindcss/src/candidate.ts
+++ b/packages/tailwindcss/src/candidate.ts
@@ -1098,7 +1098,7 @@ const printArbitraryValueCache = new DefaultMap<string, string>((input) => {
       node.value = ','
     }
 
-    // Wrap custom functions starting with `--`, in parentheses if preceded by
+    // Wrap custom functions starting with `--`, in parentheses if preceeded by
     // a symbol. E.g.: `calc(100%---spacing(2))` → `calc(100%-(--spacing(2)))`
     else if (node.kind === 'function' && node.value.startsWith('--')) {
       let idx = ctx.index
diff --git a/packages/tailwindcss/src/compat/plugin-api.test.ts b/packages/tailwindcss/src/compat/plugin-api.test.ts
index 5fcacb5cd..dd6928b23 100644
--- a/packages/tailwindcss/src/compat/plugin-api.test.ts
+++ b/packages/tailwindcss/src/compat/plugin-api.test.ts
@@ -1630,7 +1630,7 @@ describe('addVariant', () => {
     ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
       @layer utilities {
-        :is(:is(:where(.group):hover, :where(.group):focus) .group-hocus\\:flex) {
+        .group-hocus\\:flex:is(:is(:where(.group):hover, :where(.group):focus) *) {
           display: flex;
         }
 
@@ -1744,7 +1744,7 @@ describe('addVariant', () => {
     ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
       @layer utilities {
-        :is(:where(.group):hover .group-hocus\\:flex), :is(:where(.group):focus .group-hocus\\:flex) {
+        .group-hocus\\:flex:is(:where(.group):hover *), .group-hocus\\:flex:is(:where(.group):focus *) {
           display: flex;
         }
 
@@ -1784,7 +1784,7 @@ describe('addVariant', () => {
     ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
       @layer utilities {
-        :is(:where(.group):hover .group-hocus\\:flex), :is(:where(.group):focus .group-hocus\\:flex) {
+        .group-hocus\\:flex:is(:where(.group):hover *), .group-hocus\\:flex:is(:where(.group):focus *) {
           display: flex;
         }
 
@@ -1827,12 +1827,12 @@ describe('addVariant', () => {
       "
       @layer utilities {
         @media (hover: hover) {
-          :is(:where(.group):hover .group-hocus\\:flex) {
+          .group-hocus\\:flex:is(:where(.group):hover *) {
             display: flex;
           }
         }
 
-        :is(:where(.group):focus .group-hocus\\:flex) {
+        .group-hocus\\:flex:is(:where(.group):focus *) {
           display: flex;
         }
 
@@ -1964,7 +1964,7 @@ describe('addVariant', () => {
     ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
       @layer utilities {
-        :is(:where(.group):optional .group-optional\\:flex), :is(:where(.group\\/foo):optional .group-optional\\/foo\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):optional ~ .peer-optional\\:flex), .optional\\:flex:optional {
+        .group-optional\\:flex:is(:where(.group):optional *), .group-optional\\/foo\\:flex:is(:where(.group\\/foo):optional *), .peer-optional\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):optional ~ *), .optional\\:flex:optional {
           display: flex;
         }
       }
@@ -2903,7 +2903,7 @@ describe('matchVariant', () => {
     ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
       @layer utilities {
-        :is(:where(.group):optional:has(test) :where(.group) .group-optional-\\[test\\]\\:flex), :is(:where(.group\\/foo):optional:has(test) :where(.group\\/foo) .group-optional-\\[test\\]\\/foo\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):optional:has(test) :where(.peer) ~ .peer-optional-\\[test\\]\\:flex), .optional-\\[test\\]\\:flex:optional:has(test) .optional-\\[test\\]\\:flex {
+        .group-optional-\\[test\\]\\:flex:is(:where(.group):optional:has(test) :where(.group) *), .group-optional-\\[test\\]\\/foo\\:flex:is(:where(.group\\/foo):optional:has(test) :where(.group\\/foo) *), .peer-optional-\\[test\\]\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):optional:has(test) :where(.peer) ~ *), .optional-\\[test\\]\\:flex:optional:has(test) .optional-\\[test\\]\\:flex {
           display: flex;
         }
       }
diff --git a/packages/tailwindcss/src/css-parser.test.ts b/packages/tailwindcss/src/css-parser.test.ts
index 0dcbc0a41..8df19f96c 100644
--- a/packages/tailwindcss/src/css-parser.test.ts
+++ b/packages/tailwindcss/src/css-parser.test.ts
@@ -31,23 +31,6 @@ describe.each(['Unix', 'Windows'])('Line endings: %s', (lineEndings) => {
       ).toEqual([])
     })
 
-    it('should end a comment at `*/` even when it is preceded by a `\\`', () => {
-      expect(
-        parse(css`
-          /* C:\temp\*/
-          .foo {
-            color: red;
-          }
-        `),
-      ).toEqual([
-        {
-          kind: 'rule',
-          selector: '.foo',
-          nodes: [{ kind: 'declaration', property: 'color', value: 'red', important: false }],
-        },
-      ])
-    })
-
     it('should parse a comment inside of a selector and ignore it', () => {
       expect(
         parse(css`
@@ -465,28 +448,6 @@ describe.each(['Unix', 'Windows'])('Line endings: %s', (lineEndings) => {
         ])
       })
 
-      it('should end a comment in a custom property at `*/` even when it is preceded by a `\\`', () => {
-        expect(
-          parse(css`
-            --foo: /* C:\temp\*/ bar;
-            --bar: /* baz */ qux;
-          `),
-        ).toEqual([
-          {
-            kind: 'declaration',
-            property: '--foo',
-            value: '/* C:\\temp\\*/ bar',
-            important: false,
-          },
-          {
-            kind: 'declaration',
-            property: '--bar',
-            value: '/* baz */ qux',
-            important: false,
-          },
-        ])
-      })
-
       it('should parse empty custom properties', () => {
         expect(
           parse(css`
diff --git a/packages/tailwindcss/src/css-parser.ts b/packages/tailwindcss/src/css-parser.ts
index 0896881e6..3dd5e6ffe 100644
--- a/packages/tailwindcss/src/css-parser.ts
+++ b/packages/tailwindcss/src/css-parser.ts
@@ -128,24 +128,19 @@ export function parse(input: string, opts?: ParseOptions) {
     //         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^
     // }
     // ```
-    //
-    // The escape character `\` in comments are ignored, this means that a
-    // the end of a comment preceded by `\` does _not_ mean that the end of the
-    // comment is escaped and therefore we have to keep parsing.
-    //
-    // This is a valid comment:
-    // ```
-    // /*C:\*/
-    // ```
-    // See: https://www.w3.org/TR/css-syntax-3/#consume-comment
     else if (currentChar === SLASH && input.charCodeAt(i + 1) === ASTERISK) {
       let start = i
 
       for (let j = i + 2; j < input.length; j++) {
         peekChar = input.charCodeAt(j)
 
-        // End of the comment.
-        if (peekChar === ASTERISK && input.charCodeAt(j + 1) === SLASH) {
+        // Current character is a `\` therefore the next character is escaped.
+        if (peekChar === BACKSLASH) {
+          j += 1
+        }
+
+        // End of the comment
+        else if (peekChar === ASTERISK && input.charCodeAt(j + 1) === SLASH) {
           i = j + 1
           break
         }
@@ -229,9 +224,13 @@ export function parse(input: string, opts?: ParseOptions) {
         else if (peekChar === SLASH && input.charCodeAt(j + 1) === ASTERISK) {
           for (let k = j + 2; k < input.length; k++) {
             peekChar = input.charCodeAt(k)
+            // Current character is a `\` therefore the next character is escaped.
+            if (peekChar === BACKSLASH) {
+              k += 1
+            }
 
-            // End of the comment.
-            if (peekChar === ASTERISK && input.charCodeAt(k + 1) === SLASH) {
+            // End of the comment
+            else if (peekChar === ASTERISK && input.charCodeAt(k + 1) === SLASH) {
               j = k + 1
               break
             }
diff --git a/packages/tailwindcss/src/index.test.ts b/packages/tailwindcss/src/index.test.ts
index 7f4a0eef3..5eebd1716 100644
--- a/packages/tailwindcss/src/index.test.ts
+++ b/packages/tailwindcss/src/index.test.ts
@@ -1444,42 +1444,42 @@ describe('sorting', () => {
     ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
       @media (hover: hover) {
-        :is(:where(.group):hover .group-hover\\:flex) {
+        .group-hover\\:flex:is(:where(.group):hover *) {
           display: flex;
         }
       }
 
-      :is(:where(.group):focus .group-focus\\:flex) {
+      .group-focus\\:flex:is(:where(.group):focus *) {
         display: flex;
       }
 
       @media (hover: hover) {
-        :is(:where(.peer):hover ~ .peer-hover\\:flex) {
+        .peer-hover\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):hover ~ *) {
           display: flex;
         }
 
         @media (hover: hover) {
-          :is(:where(.peer):hover ~ :is(:where(.group):hover .group-hover\\:peer-hover\\:flex)), :is(:where(.group):hover :is(:where(.peer):hover ~ .peer-hover\\:group-hover\\:flex)) {
+          .group-hover\\:peer-hover\\:flex:is(:where(.group):hover *):is(:where(.peer):hover ~ *), .peer-hover\\:group-hover\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):hover ~ *):is(:where(.group):hover *) {
             display: flex;
           }
         }
 
-        :is(:where(.peer):hover ~ :is(:where(.group):focus .group-focus\\:peer-hover\\:flex)), :is(:where(.group):focus :is(:where(.peer):hover ~ .peer-hover\\:group-focus\\:flex)) {
+        .group-focus\\:peer-hover\\:flex:is(:where(.group):focus *):is(:where(.peer):hover ~ *), .peer-hover\\:group-focus\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):hover ~ *):is(:where(.group):focus *) {
           display: flex;
         }
       }
 
-      :is(:where(.peer):focus ~ .peer-focus\\:flex) {
+      .peer-focus\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):focus ~ *) {
         display: flex;
       }
 
       @media (hover: hover) {
-        :is(:where(.peer):focus ~ :is(:where(.group):hover .group-hover\\:peer-focus\\:flex)), :is(:where(.group):hover :is(:where(.peer):focus ~ .peer-focus\\:group-hover\\:flex)) {
+        .group-hover\\:peer-focus\\:flex:is(:where(.group):hover *):is(:where(.peer):focus ~ *), .peer-focus\\:group-hover\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):focus ~ *):is(:where(.group):hover *) {
           display: flex;
         }
       }
 
-      :is(:where(.peer):focus ~ :is(:where(.group):focus .group-focus\\:peer-focus\\:flex)), :is(:where(.group):focus :is(:where(.peer):focus ~ .peer-focus\\:group-focus\\:flex)) {
+      .group-focus\\:peer-focus\\:flex:is(:where(.group):focus *):is(:where(.peer):focus ~ *), .peer-focus\\:group-focus\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):focus ~ *):is(:where(.group):focus *) {
         display: flex;
       }
 
@@ -3601,7 +3601,7 @@ describe('plugins', () => {
     ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
       @layer utilities {
-        :is(:is(:where(.group):hover, :where(.group):focus) .group-hocus\\:flex) {
+        .group-hocus\\:flex:is(:is(:where(.group):hover, :where(.group):focus) *) {
           display: flex;
         }
 
@@ -3636,7 +3636,7 @@ describe('plugins', () => {
     ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
       @layer utilities {
-        :is(:where(.group):hover .group-hocus\\:flex), :is(:where(.group):focus .group-hocus\\:flex) {
+        .group-hocus\\:flex:is(:where(.group):hover *), .group-hocus\\:flex:is(:where(.group):focus *) {
           display: flex;
         }
 
@@ -3674,7 +3674,7 @@ describe('plugins', () => {
     ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
       @layer utilities {
-        :is(:where(.group):hover .group-hocus\\:flex), :is(:where(.group):focus .group-hocus\\:flex) {
+        .group-hocus\\:flex:is(:where(.group):hover *), .group-hocus\\:flex:is(:where(.group):focus *) {
           display: flex;
         }
 
@@ -3715,12 +3715,12 @@ describe('plugins', () => {
       "
       @layer utilities {
         @media (hover: hover) {
-          :is(:where(.group):hover .group-hocus\\:flex) {
+          .group-hocus\\:flex:is(:where(.group):hover *) {
             display: flex;
           }
         }
 
-        :is(:where(.group):focus .group-hocus\\:flex) {
+        .group-hocus\\:flex:is(:where(.group):focus *) {
           display: flex;
         }
 
@@ -4199,7 +4199,7 @@ describe('@custom-variant', () => {
       ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
         "
         @layer utilities {
-          :is(:is(:where(.group):hover, :where(.group):focus) .group-hocus\\:flex) {
+          .group-hocus\\:flex:is(:is(:where(.group):hover, :where(.group):focus) *) {
             display: flex;
           }
 
@@ -4294,7 +4294,7 @@ describe('@custom-variant', () => {
       ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
         "
         @layer utilities {
-          :is(:where(.group)[data-selected] .group-selected\\:underline), .selected\\:underline[data-selected] {
+          .group-selected\\:underline:is(:where(.group)[data-selected] *), .selected\\:underline[data-selected] {
             text-decoration-line: underline;
           }
         }
@@ -4322,7 +4322,7 @@ describe('@custom-variant', () => {
       ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
         "
         @layer utilities {
-          :is(:is(:where(.group):hover, :where(.group):focus) .group-hocus\\:underline), .hocus\\:underline:hover, .hocus\\:underline:focus {
+          .group-hocus\\:underline:is(:is(:where(.group):hover, :where(.group):focus) *), .hocus\\:underline:hover, .hocus\\:underline:focus {
             text-decoration-line: underline;
           }
         }
@@ -4353,7 +4353,7 @@ describe('@custom-variant', () => {
       ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
         "
         @layer utilities {
-          :is(:where(.group):hover .group-hocus\\:underline), :is(:where(.group):focus .group-hocus\\:underline), .hocus\\:underline:hover, .hocus\\:underline:focus {
+          .group-hocus\\:underline:is(:where(.group):hover *), .group-hocus\\:underline:is(:where(.group):focus *), .hocus\\:underline:hover, .hocus\\:underline:focus {
             text-decoration-line: underline;
           }
         }
@@ -4458,12 +4458,12 @@ describe('@custom-variant', () => {
         "
         @layer utilities {
           @media (hover: hover) {
-            :is(:where(.group):hover .group-hocus\\:underline) {
+            .group-hocus\\:underline:is(:where(.group):hover *) {
               text-decoration-line: underline;
             }
           }
 
-          :is(:where(.group):focus .group-hocus\\:underline) {
+          .group-hocus\\:underline:is(:where(.group):focus *) {
             text-decoration-line: underline;
           }
 
@@ -4503,7 +4503,7 @@ describe('@custom-variant', () => {
         "
         @layer utilities {
           @media (hover: hover) {
-            :is(:where(.group):hover .group-hocus\\:underline), .hocus\\:underline:hover {
+            .group-hocus\\:underline:is(:where(.group):hover *), .hocus\\:underline:hover {
               text-decoration-line: underline;
             }
           }
diff --git a/packages/tailwindcss/src/intellisense.test.ts b/packages/tailwindcss/src/intellisense.test.ts
index 63f9e7576..a31ec5d74 100644
--- a/packages/tailwindcss/src/intellisense.test.ts
+++ b/packages/tailwindcss/src/intellisense.test.ts
@@ -97,9 +97,9 @@ test('getVariants compound', async () => {
   ]
 
   expect(list).toEqual([
-    ['@media (hover: hover) { :is(:where(.group):hover &) }'],
-    ['@media (hover: hover) { :is(:where(.group\\/sidebar):hover &) }'],
-    ['@media (hover: hover) { :is(:is(:where(.group):hover :where(.group)) &) }'],
+    ['@media (hover: hover) { &:is(:where(.group):hover *) }'],
+    ['@media (hover: hover) { &:is(:where(.group\\/sidebar):hover *) }'],
+    ['@media (hover: hover) { &:is(:where(.group):is(:where(.group):hover *) *) }'],
     [],
     [],
   ])
diff --git a/packages/tailwindcss/src/prefix.test.ts b/packages/tailwindcss/src/prefix.test.ts
index ded304cad..799cb22fe 100644
--- a/packages/tailwindcss/src/prefix.test.ts
+++ b/packages/tailwindcss/src/prefix.test.ts
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ test('utilities must be prefixed', async () => {
     }
 
     @media (hover: hover) {
-      :is(:where(.tw\\:group):hover .tw\\:group-hover\\:flex), :is(:where(.tw\\:peer):hover ~ .tw\\:peer-hover\\:flex) {
+      .tw\\:group-hover\\:flex:is(:where(.tw\\:group):hover *), .tw\\:peer-hover\\:flex:is(:where(.tw\\:peer):hover ~ *) {
         display: flex;
       }
 
diff --git a/packages/tailwindcss/src/utils/compare-breakpoints.ts b/packages/tailwindcss/src/utils/compare-breakpoints.ts
index 4eb562764..08e97998e 100644
--- a/packages/tailwindcss/src/utils/compare-breakpoints.ts
+++ b/packages/tailwindcss/src/utils/compare-breakpoints.ts
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ export function compareBreakpoints(a: string, z: string, direction: 'asc' | 'des
     // Compare by bucket name
     (aBucket === zBucket ? 0 : aBucket < zBucket ? -1 : 1) ||
     // If bucket names are the same, compare by value
-    (direction === 'asc' ? parseFloat(a) - parseFloat(z) : parseFloat(z) - parseFloat(a))
+    (direction === 'asc' ? parseInt(a) - parseInt(z) : parseInt(z) - parseInt(a))
 
   // If the groups are the same, and the contents are not numbers, the
   // `order` will result in `NaN`. In this case, we want to make sorting
diff --git a/packages/tailwindcss/src/variants.test.ts b/packages/tailwindcss/src/variants.test.ts
index 37f9ebbea..454f4c1bf 100644
--- a/packages/tailwindcss/src/variants.test.ts
+++ b/packages/tailwindcss/src/variants.test.ts
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ test('after', async () => {
 test('first', async () => {
   expect(await run(['first:flex', 'group-first:flex', 'peer-first:flex'])).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
     "
-    :is(:where(.group):first-child .group-first\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):first-child ~ .peer-first\\:flex), .first\\:flex:first-child {
+    .group-first\\:flex:is(:where(.group):first-child *), .peer-first\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):first-child ~ *), .first\\:flex:first-child {
       display: flex;
     }
     "
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ test('first', async () => {
 test('last', async () => {
   expect(await run(['last:flex', 'group-last:flex', 'peer-last:flex'])).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
     "
-    :is(:where(.group):last-child .group-last\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):last-child ~ .peer-last\\:flex), .last\\:flex:last-child {
+    .group-last\\:flex:is(:where(.group):last-child *), .peer-last\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):last-child ~ *), .last\\:flex:last-child {
       display: flex;
     }
     "
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ test('last', async () => {
 test('only', async () => {
   expect(await run(['only:flex', 'group-only:flex', 'peer-only:flex'])).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
     "
-    :is(:where(.group):only-child .group-only\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):only-child ~ .peer-only\\:flex), .only\\:flex:only-child {
+    .group-only\\:flex:is(:where(.group):only-child *), .peer-only\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):only-child ~ *), .only\\:flex:only-child {
       display: flex;
     }
     "
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ test('only', async () => {
 test('odd', async () => {
   expect(await run(['odd:flex', 'group-odd:flex', 'peer-odd:flex'])).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
     "
-    :is(:where(.group):nth-child(odd) .group-odd\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):nth-child(odd) ~ .peer-odd\\:flex), .odd\\:flex:nth-child(odd) {
+    .group-odd\\:flex:is(:where(.group):nth-child(odd) *), .peer-odd\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):nth-child(odd) ~ *), .odd\\:flex:nth-child(odd) {
       display: flex;
     }
     "
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ test('odd', async () => {
 test('even', async () => {
   expect(await run(['even:flex', 'group-even:flex', 'peer-even:flex'])).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
     "
-    :is(:where(.group):nth-child(2n) .group-even\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):nth-child(2n) ~ .peer-even\\:flex), .even\\:flex:nth-child(2n) {
+    .group-even\\:flex:is(:where(.group):nth-child(2n) *), .peer-even\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):nth-child(2n) ~ *), .even\\:flex:nth-child(2n) {
       display: flex;
     }
     "
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ test('first-of-type', async () => {
   expect(await run(['first-of-type:flex', 'group-first-of-type:flex', 'peer-first-of-type:flex']))
     .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
-      :is(:where(.group):first-of-type .group-first-of-type\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):first-of-type ~ .peer-first-of-type\\:flex), .first-of-type\\:flex:first-of-type {
+      .group-first-of-type\\:flex:is(:where(.group):first-of-type *), .peer-first-of-type\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):first-of-type ~ *), .first-of-type\\:flex:first-of-type {
         display: flex;
       }
       "
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ test('last-of-type', async () => {
   expect(await run(['last-of-type:flex', 'group-last-of-type:flex', 'peer-last-of-type:flex']))
     .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
-      :is(:where(.group):last-of-type .group-last-of-type\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):last-of-type ~ .peer-last-of-type\\:flex), .last-of-type\\:flex:last-of-type {
+      .group-last-of-type\\:flex:is(:where(.group):last-of-type *), .peer-last-of-type\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):last-of-type ~ *), .last-of-type\\:flex:last-of-type {
         display: flex;
       }
       "
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ test('only-of-type', async () => {
   expect(await run(['only-of-type:flex', 'group-only-of-type:flex', 'peer-only-of-type:flex']))
     .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
-      :is(:where(.group):only-of-type .group-only-of-type\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):only-of-type ~ .peer-only-of-type\\:flex), .only-of-type\\:flex:only-of-type {
+      .group-only-of-type\\:flex:is(:where(.group):only-of-type *), .peer-only-of-type\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):only-of-type ~ *), .only-of-type\\:flex:only-of-type {
         display: flex;
       }
       "
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ test('visited', async () => {
   expect(await run(['visited:flex', 'group-visited:flex', 'peer-visited:flex']))
     .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
-      :is(:where(.group):visited .group-visited\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):visited ~ .peer-visited\\:flex), .visited\\:flex:visited {
+      .group-visited\\:flex:is(:where(.group):visited *), .peer-visited\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):visited ~ *), .visited\\:flex:visited {
         display: flex;
       }
       "
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ test('target', async () => {
   expect(await run(['target:flex', 'group-target:flex', 'peer-target:flex']))
     .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
-      :is(:where(.group):target .group-target\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):target ~ .peer-target\\:flex), .target\\:flex:target {
+      .group-target\\:flex:is(:where(.group):target *), .peer-target\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):target ~ *), .target\\:flex:target {
         display: flex;
       }
       "
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ test('open', async () => {
   expect(await run(['open:flex', 'group-open:flex', 'peer-open:flex', 'not-open:flex']))
     .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
-      .not-open\\:flex:not(:is([open], :popover-open, :open)), :is(:where(.group):is([open], :popover-open, :open) .group-open\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):is([open], :popover-open, :open) ~ .peer-open\\:flex), .open\\:flex:is([open], :popover-open, :open) {
+      .not-open\\:flex:not(:is([open], :popover-open, :open)), .group-open\\:flex:is(:where(.group):is([open], :popover-open, :open) *), .peer-open\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):is([open], :popover-open, :open) ~ *), .open\\:flex:is([open], :popover-open, :open) {
         display: flex;
       }
       "
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ test('default', async () => {
   expect(await run(['default:flex', 'group-default:flex', 'peer-default:flex']))
     .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
-      :is(:where(.group):default .group-default\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):default ~ .peer-default\\:flex), .default\\:flex:default {
+      .group-default\\:flex:is(:where(.group):default *), .peer-default\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):default ~ *), .default\\:flex:default {
         display: flex;
       }
       "
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ test('checked', async () => {
   expect(await run(['checked:flex', 'group-checked:flex', 'peer-checked:flex']))
     .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
-      :is(:where(.group):checked .group-checked\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):checked ~ .peer-checked\\:flex), .checked\\:flex:checked {
+      .group-checked\\:flex:is(:where(.group):checked *), .peer-checked\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):checked ~ *), .checked\\:flex:checked {
         display: flex;
       }
       "
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ test('indeterminate', async () => {
   expect(await run(['indeterminate:flex', 'group-indeterminate:flex', 'peer-indeterminate:flex']))
     .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
-      :is(:where(.group):indeterminate .group-indeterminate\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):indeterminate ~ .peer-indeterminate\\:flex), .indeterminate\\:flex:indeterminate {
+      .group-indeterminate\\:flex:is(:where(.group):indeterminate *), .peer-indeterminate\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):indeterminate ~ *), .indeterminate\\:flex:indeterminate {
         display: flex;
       }
       "
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ test('placeholder-shown', async () => {
     ]),
   ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
     "
-    :is(:where(.group):placeholder-shown .group-placeholder-shown\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):placeholder-shown ~ .peer-placeholder-shown\\:flex), .placeholder-shown\\:flex:placeholder-shown {
+    .group-placeholder-shown\\:flex:is(:where(.group):placeholder-shown *), .peer-placeholder-shown\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):placeholder-shown ~ *), .placeholder-shown\\:flex:placeholder-shown {
       display: flex;
     }
     "
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ test('autofill', async () => {
   expect(await run(['autofill:flex', 'group-autofill:flex', 'peer-autofill:flex']))
     .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
-      :is(:where(.group):autofill .group-autofill\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):autofill ~ .peer-autofill\\:flex) {
+      .group-autofill\\:flex:is(:where(.group):autofill *), .peer-autofill\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):autofill ~ *) {
         display: flex;
       }
 
@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ test('optional', async () => {
   expect(await run(['optional:flex', 'group-optional:flex', 'peer-optional:flex']))
     .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
-      :is(:where(.group):optional .group-optional\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):optional ~ .peer-optional\\:flex), .optional\\:flex:optional {
+      .group-optional\\:flex:is(:where(.group):optional *), .peer-optional\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):optional ~ *), .optional\\:flex:optional {
         display: flex;
       }
       "
@@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ test('required', async () => {
   expect(await run(['required:flex', 'group-required:flex', 'peer-required:flex']))
     .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
-      :is(:where(.group):required .group-required\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):required ~ .peer-required\\:flex), .required\\:flex:required {
+      .group-required\\:flex:is(:where(.group):required *), .peer-required\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):required ~ *), .required\\:flex:required {
         display: flex;
       }
       "
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ test('required', async () => {
 test('valid', async () => {
   expect(await run(['valid:flex', 'group-valid:flex', 'peer-valid:flex'])).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
     "
-    :is(:where(.group):valid .group-valid\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):valid ~ .peer-valid\\:flex), .valid\\:flex:valid {
+    .group-valid\\:flex:is(:where(.group):valid *), .peer-valid\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):valid ~ *), .valid\\:flex:valid {
       display: flex;
     }
     "
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ test('invalid', async () => {
   expect(await run(['invalid:flex', 'group-invalid:flex', 'peer-invalid:flex']))
     .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
-      :is(:where(.group):invalid .group-invalid\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):invalid ~ .peer-invalid\\:flex), .invalid\\:flex:invalid {
+      .group-invalid\\:flex:is(:where(.group):invalid *), .peer-invalid\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):invalid ~ *), .invalid\\:flex:invalid {
         display: flex;
       }
       "
@@ -430,7 +430,7 @@ test('user-valid', async () => {
   expect(await run(['user-valid:flex', 'group-user-valid:flex', 'peer-user-valid:flex']))
     .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
-      :is(:where(.group):user-valid .group-user-valid\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):user-valid ~ .peer-user-valid\\:flex) {
+      .group-user-valid\\:flex:is(:where(.group):user-valid *), .peer-user-valid\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):user-valid ~ *) {
         display: flex;
       }
 
@@ -446,7 +446,7 @@ test('user-invalid', async () => {
   expect(await run(['user-invalid:flex', 'group-user-invalid:flex', 'peer-user-invalid:flex']))
     .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
-      :is(:where(.group):user-invalid .group-user-invalid\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):user-invalid ~ .peer-user-invalid\\:flex) {
+      .group-user-invalid\\:flex:is(:where(.group):user-invalid *), .peer-user-invalid\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):user-invalid ~ *) {
         display: flex;
       }
 
@@ -462,7 +462,7 @@ test('in-range', async () => {
   expect(await run(['in-range:flex', 'group-in-range:flex', 'peer-in-range:flex']))
     .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
-      :is(:where(.group):in-range .group-in-range\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):in-range ~ .peer-in-range\\:flex), .in-range\\:flex:in-range {
+      .group-in-range\\:flex:is(:where(.group):in-range *), .peer-in-range\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):in-range ~ *), .in-range\\:flex:in-range {
         display: flex;
       }
       "
@@ -474,7 +474,7 @@ test('out-of-range', async () => {
   expect(await run(['out-of-range:flex', 'group-out-of-range:flex', 'peer-out-of-range:flex']))
     .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
-      :is(:where(.group):out-of-range .group-out-of-range\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):out-of-range ~ .peer-out-of-range\\:flex), .out-of-range\\:flex:out-of-range {
+      .group-out-of-range\\:flex:is(:where(.group):out-of-range *), .peer-out-of-range\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):out-of-range ~ *), .out-of-range\\:flex:out-of-range {
         display: flex;
       }
       "
@@ -486,7 +486,7 @@ test('read-only', async () => {
   expect(await run(['read-only:flex', 'group-read-only:flex', 'peer-read-only:flex']))
     .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
-      :is(:where(.group):read-only .group-read-only\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):read-only ~ .peer-read-only\\:flex), .read-only\\:flex:read-only {
+      .group-read-only\\:flex:is(:where(.group):read-only *), .peer-read-only\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):read-only ~ *), .read-only\\:flex:read-only {
         display: flex;
       }
       "
@@ -497,7 +497,7 @@ test('read-only', async () => {
 test('empty', async () => {
   expect(await run(['empty:flex', 'group-empty:flex', 'peer-empty:flex'])).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
     "
-    :is(:where(.group):empty .group-empty\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):empty ~ .peer-empty\\:flex), .empty\\:flex:empty {
+    .group-empty\\:flex:is(:where(.group):empty *), .peer-empty\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):empty ~ *), .empty\\:flex:empty {
       display: flex;
     }
     "
@@ -509,7 +509,7 @@ test('focus-within', async () => {
   expect(await run(['focus-within:flex', 'group-focus-within:flex', 'peer-focus-within:flex']))
     .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
-      :is(:where(.group):focus-within .group-focus-within\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):focus-within ~ .peer-focus-within\\:flex), .focus-within\\:flex:focus-within {
+      .group-focus-within\\:flex:is(:where(.group):focus-within *), .peer-focus-within\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):focus-within ~ *), .focus-within\\:flex:focus-within {
         display: flex;
       }
       "
@@ -521,7 +521,7 @@ test('hover', async () => {
   expect(await run(['hover:flex', 'group-hover:flex', 'peer-hover:flex'])).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
     "
     @media (hover: hover) {
-      :is(:where(.group):hover .group-hover\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):hover ~ .peer-hover\\:flex), .hover\\:flex:hover {
+      .group-hover\\:flex:is(:where(.group):hover *), .peer-hover\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):hover ~ *), .hover\\:flex:hover {
         display: flex;
       }
     }
@@ -533,7 +533,7 @@ test('hover', async () => {
 test('focus', async () => {
   expect(await run(['focus:flex', 'group-focus:flex', 'peer-focus:flex'])).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
     "
-    :is(:where(.group):focus .group-focus\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):focus ~ .peer-focus\\:flex), .focus\\:flex:focus {
+    .group-focus\\:flex:is(:where(.group):focus *), .peer-focus\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):focus ~ *), .focus\\:flex:focus {
       display: flex;
     }
     "
@@ -545,12 +545,12 @@ test('group-hover group-focus sorting', async () => {
   expect(await run(['group-hover:flex', 'group-focus:flex'])).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
     "
     @media (hover: hover) {
-      :is(:where(.group):hover .group-hover\\:flex) {
+      .group-hover\\:flex:is(:where(.group):hover *) {
         display: flex;
       }
     }
 
-    :is(:where(.group):focus .group-focus\\:flex) {
+    .group-focus\\:flex:is(:where(.group):focus *) {
       display: flex;
     }
     "
@@ -558,36 +558,23 @@ test('group-hover group-focus sorting', async () => {
   expect(await run(['group-focus:flex', 'group-hover:flex'])).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
     "
     @media (hover: hover) {
-      :is(:where(.group):hover .group-hover\\:flex) {
+      .group-hover\\:flex:is(:where(.group):hover *) {
         display: flex;
       }
     }
 
-    :is(:where(.group):focus .group-focus\\:flex) {
+    .group-focus\\:flex:is(:where(.group):focus *) {
       display: flex;
     }
     "
   `)
 })
 
-test('stacking group and peer variants does not duplicate the target selector', async () => {
-  let candidate = Array.from(
-    { length: 12 },
-    (_, i) => `${i % 2 === 0 ? 'group' : 'peer'}-data-active/name${i}`,
-  ).join(':')
-
-  let output = await run([`${candidate}:flex`])
-  expect(output).toContain('display: flex')
-  // Repeating `&` in each variant makes the generated selector grow
-  // exponentially. This many variants should still produce a small rule.
-  expect(output.length).toBeLessThan(2_000)
-})
-
 test('focus-visible', async () => {
   expect(await run(['focus-visible:flex', 'group-focus-visible:flex', 'peer-focus-visible:flex']))
     .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
-      :is(:where(.group):focus-visible .group-focus-visible\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):focus-visible ~ .peer-focus-visible\\:flex), .focus-visible\\:flex:focus-visible {
+      .group-focus-visible\\:flex:is(:where(.group):focus-visible *), .peer-focus-visible\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):focus-visible ~ *), .focus-visible\\:flex:focus-visible {
         display: flex;
       }
       "
@@ -599,7 +586,7 @@ test('active', async () => {
   expect(await run(['active:flex', 'group-active:flex', 'peer-active:flex']))
     .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
-      :is(:where(.group):active .group-active\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):active ~ .peer-active\\:flex), .active\\:flex:active {
+      .group-active\\:flex:is(:where(.group):active *), .peer-active\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):active ~ *), .active\\:flex:active {
         display: flex;
       }
       "
@@ -611,7 +598,7 @@ test('enabled', async () => {
   expect(await run(['enabled:flex', 'group-enabled:flex', 'peer-enabled:flex']))
     .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
-      :is(:where(.group):enabled .group-enabled\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):enabled ~ .peer-enabled\\:flex), .enabled\\:flex:enabled {
+      .group-enabled\\:flex:is(:where(.group):enabled *), .peer-enabled\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):enabled ~ *), .enabled\\:flex:enabled {
         display: flex;
       }
       "
@@ -623,7 +610,7 @@ test('disabled', async () => {
   expect(await run(['disabled:flex', 'group-disabled:flex', 'peer-disabled:flex']))
     .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       "
-      :is(:where(.group):disabled .group-disabled\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):disabled ~ .peer-disabled\\:flex), .disabled\\:flex:disabled {
+      .group-disabled\\:flex:is(:where(.group):disabled *), .peer-disabled\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):disabled ~ *), .disabled\\:flex:disabled {
         display: flex;
       }
       "
@@ -634,7 +621,7 @@ test('disabled', async () => {
 test('inert', async () => {
   expect(await run(['inert:flex', 'group-inert:flex', 'peer-inert:flex'])).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
     "
-    :is(:where(.group):is([inert], [inert] *) .group-inert\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):is([inert], [inert] *) ~ .peer-inert\\:flex), .inert\\:flex:is([inert], [inert] *) {
+    .group-inert\\:flex:is(:where(.group):is([inert], [inert] *) *), .peer-inert\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):is([inert], [inert] *) ~ *), .inert\\:flex:is([inert], [inert] *) {
       display: flex;
     }
     "
@@ -653,17 +640,17 @@ test('group-[...]', async () => {
     ]),
   ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
     "
-    :is(:where(.group) p .group-\\[\\&_p\\]\\:flex), :is(:where(.group) p :is(:where(.group):hover .group-\\[\\&\\:hover\\]\\:group-\\[\\&_p\\]\\:flex)) {
+    .group-\\[\\&_p\\]\\:flex:is(:where(.group) p *), .group-\\[\\&\\:hover\\]\\:group-\\[\\&_p\\]\\:flex:is(:where(.group):hover *):is(:where(.group) p *) {
       display: flex;
     }
 
     @media (hover: hover) {
-      :is(:where(.group) p .group-\\[\\&_p\\]\\:hover\\:flex):hover, :is(:where(.group) p .hover\\:group-\\[\\&_p\\]\\:flex:hover) {
+      .group-\\[\\&_p\\]\\:hover\\:flex:is(:where(.group) p *):hover, .hover\\:group-\\[\\&_p\\]\\:flex:hover:is(:where(.group) p *) {
         display: flex;
       }
 
       @media (hover: hover) {
-        :is(:where(.group) p .hover\\:group-\\[\\&_p\\]\\:hover\\:flex:hover):hover {
+        .hover\\:group-\\[\\&_p\\]\\:hover\\:flex:hover:is(:where(.group) p *):hover {
           display: flex;
         }
       }
@@ -705,22 +692,22 @@ test('group-*', async () => {
   ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
     "
     @media (hover: hover) {
-      :is(:where(.group):hover .group-hover\\:flex) {
+      .group-hover\\:flex:is(:where(.group):hover *) {
         display: flex;
       }
     }
 
-    :is(:where(.group):focus .group-focus\\:flex) {
+    .group-focus\\:flex:is(:where(.group):focus *) {
       display: flex;
     }
 
     @media (hover: hover) {
-      :is(:where(.group):hover :is(:where(.group):focus .group-focus\\:group-hover\\:flex)), :is(:where(.group):focus :is(:where(.group):hover .group-hover\\:group-focus\\:flex)) {
+      .group-focus\\:group-hover\\:flex:is(:where(.group):focus *):is(:where(.group):hover *), .group-hover\\:group-focus\\:flex:is(:where(.group):hover *):is(:where(.group):focus *) {
         display: flex;
       }
     }
 
-    :is(:is(:where(.group):hover, :where(.group):focus) .group-hocus\\:flex) {
+    .group-hocus\\:flex:is(:is(:where(.group):hover, :where(.group):focus) *) {
       display: flex;
     }
     "
@@ -755,12 +742,12 @@ test('peer-[...]', async () => {
     ]),
   ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
     "
-    :is(:where(.peer) p ~ .peer-\\[\\&_p\\]\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer) p ~ :is(:where(.peer):hover ~ .peer-\\[\\&\\:hover\\]\\:peer-\\[\\&_p\\]\\:flex)) {
+    .peer-\\[\\&_p\\]\\:flex:is(:where(.peer) p ~ *), .peer-\\[\\&\\:hover\\]\\:peer-\\[\\&_p\\]\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):hover ~ *):is(:where(.peer) p ~ *) {
       display: flex;
     }
 
     @media (hover: hover) {
-      :is(:where(.peer) p ~ .hover\\:peer-\\[\\&_p\\]\\:flex:hover), :is(:where(.peer) p ~ .peer-\\[\\&_p\\]\\:hover\\:flex):hover, :is(:where(.peer) p ~ .hover\\:peer-\\[\\&_p\\]\\:focus\\:flex:hover):focus {
+      .hover\\:peer-\\[\\&_p\\]\\:flex:hover:is(:where(.peer) p ~ *), .peer-\\[\\&_p\\]\\:hover\\:flex:is(:where(.peer) p ~ *):hover, .hover\\:peer-\\[\\&_p\\]\\:focus\\:flex:hover:is(:where(.peer) p ~ *):focus {
         display: flex;
       }
     }
@@ -795,22 +782,22 @@ test('peer-*', async () => {
   ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
     "
     @media (hover: hover) {
-      :is(:where(.peer):hover ~ .peer-hover\\:flex) {
+      .peer-hover\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):hover ~ *) {
         display: flex;
       }
     }
 
-    :is(:where(.peer):focus ~ .peer-focus\\:flex) {
+    .peer-focus\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):focus ~ *) {
       display: flex;
     }
 
     @media (hover: hover) {
-      :is(:where(.peer):hover ~ :is(:where(.peer):focus ~ .peer-focus\\:peer-hover\\:flex)), :is(:where(.peer):focus ~ :is(:where(.peer):hover ~ .peer-hover\\:peer-focus\\:flex)) {
+      .peer-focus\\:peer-hover\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):focus ~ *):is(:where(.peer):hover ~ *), .peer-hover\\:peer-focus\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):hover ~ *):is(:where(.peer):focus ~ *) {
         display: flex;
       }
     }
 
-    :is(:is(:where(.peer):hover, :where(.peer):focus) ~ .peer-hocus\\:flex) {
+    .peer-hocus\\:flex:is(:is(:where(.peer):hover, :where(.peer):focus) ~ *) {
       display: flex;
     }
     "
@@ -1437,80 +1424,6 @@ test('sorting `min` and `max` should sort by unit, then by value, then alphabeti
   `)
 })
 
-test('sorting `min` and `max` should compare decimal values numerically', async () => {
-  expect(
-    await run([
-      'min-[40.5rem]:flex',
-      'min-[40.25rem]:flex',
-      'max-[40.25rem]:flex',
-      'max-[40.5rem]:flex',
-    ]),
-  ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
-    "
-    @media not all and (min-width: 40.5rem) {
-      .max-\\[40\\.5rem\\]\\:flex {
-        display: flex;
-      }
-    }
-
-    @media not all and (min-width: 40.25rem) {
-      .max-\\[40\\.25rem\\]\\:flex {
-        display: flex;
-      }
-    }
-
-    @media (min-width: 40.25rem) {
-      .min-\\[40\\.25rem\\]\\:flex {
-        display: flex;
-      }
-    }
-
-    @media (min-width: 40.5rem) {
-      .min-\\[40\\.5rem\\]\\:flex {
-        display: flex;
-      }
-    }
-    "
-  `)
-})
-
-test('sorting `@min` and `@max` should compare decimal values numerically', async () => {
-  expect(
-    await run([
-      '@min-[40.5rem]:flex',
-      '@min-[40.25rem]:flex',
-      '@max-[40.25rem]:flex',
-      '@max-[40.5rem]:flex',
-    ]),
-  ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
-    "
-    @container not (min-width: 40.5rem) {
-      .\\@max-\\[40\\.5rem\\]\\:flex {
-        display: flex;
-      }
-    }
-
-    @container not (min-width: 40.25rem) {
-      .\\@max-\\[40\\.25rem\\]\\:flex {
-        display: flex;
-      }
-    }
-
-    @container (min-width: 40.25rem) {
-      .\\@min-\\[40\\.25rem\\]\\:flex {
-        display: flex;
-      }
-    }
-
-    @container (min-width: 40.5rem) {
-      .\\@min-\\[40\\.5rem\\]\\:flex {
-        display: flex;
-      }
-    }
-    "
-  `)
-})
-
 test('supports', async () => {
   expect(
     await run([
@@ -1910,7 +1823,7 @@ test('not', async () => {
       }
     }
 
-    :is(:where(.group):not(:checked) .group-not-checked\\:flex), :is(:where(.group):not(:hover, :focus) .group-not-hocus\\:flex), :is(:where(.group\\/parent-name):not(:hover, :focus) .group-not-hocus\\/parent-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.group):not(:checked) .group-not-\\[\\:checked\\]\\:flex), :is(:where(.group\\/parent-name):not(:checked) .group-not-\\[\\:checked\\]\\/parent-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):not(:checked) ~ .peer-not-checked\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):not(:hover, :focus) ~ .peer-not-hocus\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name):not(:hover, :focus) ~ .peer-not-hocus\\/sibling-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):not(:checked) ~ .peer-not-\\[\\:checked\\]\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name):not(:checked) ~ .peer-not-\\[\\:checked\\]\\/sibling-name\\:flex) {
+    .group-not-checked\\:flex:is(:where(.group):not(:checked) *), .group-not-hocus\\:flex:is(:where(.group):not(:hover, :focus) *), .group-not-hocus\\/parent-name\\:flex:is(:where(.group\\/parent-name):not(:hover, :focus) *), .group-not-\\[\\:checked\\]\\:flex:is(:where(.group):not(:checked) *), .group-not-\\[\\:checked\\]\\/parent-name\\:flex:is(:where(.group\\/parent-name):not(:checked) *), .peer-not-checked\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):not(:checked) ~ *), .peer-not-hocus\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):not(:hover, :focus) ~ *), .peer-not-hocus\\/sibling-name\\:flex:is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name):not(:hover, :focus) ~ *), .peer-not-\\[\\:checked\\]\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):not(:checked) ~ *), .peer-not-\\[\\:checked\\]\\/sibling-name\\:flex:is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name):not(:checked) ~ *) {
       display: flex;
     }
     "
@@ -2139,7 +2052,7 @@ test('has', async () => {
     ),
   ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
     "
-    :is(:where(.group):has(:checked) .group-has-checked\\:flex), :is(:where(.group\\/parent-name):has(:checked) .group-has-checked\\/parent-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.group):has(:hover, :focus) .group-has-hocus\\:flex), :is(:where(.group\\/parent-name):has(:hover, :focus) .group-has-hocus\\/parent-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.group):has(:checked) .group-has-\\[\\:checked\\]\\:flex), :is(:where(.group\\/parent-name):has(:checked) .group-has-\\[\\:checked\\]\\/parent-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.group):has(* > img) .group-has-\\[\\&\\>img\\]\\:flex), :is(:where(.group\\/parent-name):has(* > img) .group-has-\\[\\&\\>img\\]\\/parent-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.group):has( + img) .group-has-\\[\\+img\\]\\:flex), :is(:where(.group):has( > img) .group-has-\\[\\>img\\]\\:flex), :is(:where(.group\\/parent-name):has( > img) .group-has-\\[\\>img\\]\\/parent-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.group):has( ~ img) .group-has-\\[\\~img\\]\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):has(:checked) ~ .peer-has-checked\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name):has(:checked) ~ .peer-has-checked\\/sibling-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):has(:hover, :focus) ~ .peer-has-hocus\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name):has(:hover, :focus) ~ .peer-has-hocus\\/sibling-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):has(:checked) ~ .peer-has-\\[\\:checked\\]\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name):has(:checked) ~ .peer-has-\\[\\:checked\\]\\/sibling-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):has(* > img) ~ .peer-has-\\[\\&\\>img\\]\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name):has(* > img) ~ .peer-has-\\[\\&\\>img\\]\\/sibling-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):has( + img) ~ .peer-has-\\[\\+img\\]\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):has( > img) ~ .peer-has-\\[\\>img\\]\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name):has( > img) ~ .peer-has-\\[\\>img\\]\\/sibling-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):has( ~ img) ~ .peer-has-\\[\\~img\\]\\:flex), .has-checked\\:flex:has(:checked), .has-hocus\\:flex:has(:hover, :focus), .has-\\[\\:checked\\]\\:flex:has(:checked), .has-\\[\\&\\>img\\]\\:flex:has(* > img), .has-\\[\\+img\\]\\:flex:has( + img), .has-\\[\\>img\\]\\:flex:has( > img), .has-\\[\\~img\\]\\:flex:has( ~ img) {
+    .group-has-checked\\:flex:is(:where(.group):has(:checked) *), .group-has-checked\\/parent-name\\:flex:is(:where(.group\\/parent-name):has(:checked) *), .group-has-hocus\\:flex:is(:where(.group):has(:hover, :focus) *), .group-has-hocus\\/parent-name\\:flex:is(:where(.group\\/parent-name):has(:hover, :focus) *), .group-has-\\[\\:checked\\]\\:flex:is(:where(.group):has(:checked) *), .group-has-\\[\\:checked\\]\\/parent-name\\:flex:is(:where(.group\\/parent-name):has(:checked) *), .group-has-\\[\\&\\>img\\]\\:flex:is(:where(.group):has(* > img) *), .group-has-\\[\\&\\>img\\]\\/parent-name\\:flex:is(:where(.group\\/parent-name):has(* > img) *), .group-has-\\[\\+img\\]\\:flex:is(:where(.group):has( + img) *), .group-has-\\[\\>img\\]\\:flex:is(:where(.group):has( > img) *), .group-has-\\[\\>img\\]\\/parent-name\\:flex:is(:where(.group\\/parent-name):has( > img) *), .group-has-\\[\\~img\\]\\:flex:is(:where(.group):has( ~ img) *), .peer-has-checked\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):has(:checked) ~ *), .peer-has-checked\\/sibling-name\\:flex:is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name):has(:checked) ~ *), .peer-has-hocus\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):has(:hover, :focus) ~ *), .peer-has-hocus\\/sibling-name\\:flex:is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name):has(:hover, :focus) ~ *), .peer-has-\\[\\:checked\\]\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):has(:checked) ~ *), .peer-has-\\[\\:checked\\]\\/sibling-name\\:flex:is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name):has(:checked) ~ *), .peer-has-\\[\\&\\>img\\]\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):has(* > img) ~ *), .peer-has-\\[\\&\\>img\\]\\/sibling-name\\:flex:is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name):has(* > img) ~ *), .peer-has-\\[\\+img\\]\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):has( + img) ~ *), .peer-has-\\[\\>img\\]\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):has( > img) ~ *), .peer-has-\\[\\>img\\]\\/sibling-name\\:flex:is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name):has( > img) ~ *), .peer-has-\\[\\~img\\]\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):has( ~ img) ~ *), .has-checked\\:flex:has(:checked), .has-hocus\\:flex:has(:hover, :focus), .has-\\[\\:checked\\]\\:flex:has(:checked), .has-\\[\\&\\>img\\]\\:flex:has(* > img), .has-\\[\\+img\\]\\:flex:has( + img), .has-\\[\\>img\\]\\:flex:has( > img), .has-\\[\\~img\\]\\:flex:has( ~ img) {
       display: flex;
     }
     "
@@ -2192,7 +2105,7 @@ test('aria', async () => {
     ]),
   ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
     "
-    :is(:where(.group)[aria-checked="true"] .group-aria-checked\\:flex), :is(:where(.group\\/parent-name)[aria-checked="true"] .group-aria-checked\\/parent-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.group)[aria-modal] .group-aria-\\[modal\\]\\:flex), :is(:where(.group\\/parent-name)[aria-modal] .group-aria-\\[modal\\]\\/parent-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.group)[aria-valuenow="1"] .group-aria-\\[valuenow\\=1\\]\\:flex), :is(:where(.group\\/parent-name)[aria-valuenow="1"] .group-aria-\\[valuenow\\=1\\]\\/parent-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer)[aria-checked="true"] ~ .peer-aria-checked\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name)[aria-checked="true"] ~ .peer-aria-checked\\/sibling-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer)[aria-modal] ~ .peer-aria-\\[modal\\]\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name)[aria-modal] ~ .peer-aria-\\[modal\\]\\/sibling-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer)[aria-valuenow="1"] ~ .peer-aria-\\[valuenow\\=1\\]\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name)[aria-valuenow="1"] ~ .peer-aria-\\[valuenow\\=1\\]\\/sibling-name\\:flex), .aria-checked\\:flex[aria-checked="true"], .aria-\\[invalid\\=spelling\\]\\:flex[aria-invalid="spelling"], .aria-\\[valuenow_\\=_\\"1\\"\\]\\:flex[aria-valuenow="1"], .aria-\\[valuenow\\=1\\]\\:flex[aria-valuenow="1"] {
+    .group-aria-checked\\:flex:is(:where(.group)[aria-checked="true"] *), .group-aria-checked\\/parent-name\\:flex:is(:where(.group\\/parent-name)[aria-checked="true"] *), .group-aria-\\[modal\\]\\:flex:is(:where(.group)[aria-modal] *), .group-aria-\\[modal\\]\\/parent-name\\:flex:is(:where(.group\\/parent-name)[aria-modal] *), .group-aria-\\[valuenow\\=1\\]\\:flex:is(:where(.group)[aria-valuenow="1"] *), .group-aria-\\[valuenow\\=1\\]\\/parent-name\\:flex:is(:where(.group\\/parent-name)[aria-valuenow="1"] *), .peer-aria-checked\\:flex:is(:where(.peer)[aria-checked="true"] ~ *), .peer-aria-checked\\/sibling-name\\:flex:is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name)[aria-checked="true"] ~ *), .peer-aria-\\[modal\\]\\:flex:is(:where(.peer)[aria-modal] ~ *), .peer-aria-\\[modal\\]\\/sibling-name\\:flex:is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name)[aria-modal] ~ *), .peer-aria-\\[valuenow\\=1\\]\\:flex:is(:where(.peer)[aria-valuenow="1"] ~ *), .peer-aria-\\[valuenow\\=1\\]\\/sibling-name\\:flex:is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name)[aria-valuenow="1"] ~ *), .aria-checked\\:flex[aria-checked="true"], .aria-\\[invalid\\=spelling\\]\\:flex[aria-invalid="spelling"], .aria-\\[valuenow_\\=_\\"1\\"\\]\\:flex[aria-valuenow="1"], .aria-\\[valuenow\\=1\\]\\:flex[aria-valuenow="1"] {
       display: flex;
     }
     "
@@ -2231,7 +2144,7 @@ test('data', async () => {
     ]),
   ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
     "
-    :is(:where(.group)[data-disabled] .group-data-\\[disabled\\]\\:flex), :is(:where(.group\\/parent-name)[data-disabled] .group-data-\\[disabled\\]\\/parent-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.group\\/parent-name)[data-foo$="bar" i] .group-data-\\[foo\\$\\=\\'bar\\'_i\\]\\/parent-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.group\\/parent-name)[data-foo$="bar baz" i] .group-data-\\[foo\\$\\=bar_baz_i\\]\\/parent-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.group)[data-foo="1"] .group-data-\\[foo\\=1\\]\\:flex), :is(:where(.group\\/parent-name)[data-foo="1"] .group-data-\\[foo\\=1\\]\\/parent-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.group\\/parent-name)[data-foo="bar baz"] .group-data-\\[foo\\=bar\\ baz\\]\\/parent-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer)[data-disabled] ~ .peer-data-\\[disabled\\]\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name)[data-disabled] ~ .peer-data-\\[disabled\\]\\/sibling-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name)[data-foo$="bar" i] ~ .peer-data-\\[foo\\$\\=\\'bar\\'_i\\]\\/sibling-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name)[data-foo$="bar baz" i] ~ .peer-data-\\[foo\\$\\=bar_baz_i\\]\\/sibling-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer)[data-foo="1"] ~ .peer-data-\\[foo\\=1\\]\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name)[data-foo="1"] ~ .peer-data-\\[foo\\=1\\]\\/sibling-name\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name)[data-foo="bar baz"] ~ .peer-data-\\[foo\\=bar\\ baz\\]\\/sibling-name\\:flex), .data-disabled\\:flex[data-disabled], .data-\\[foo\\$\\=\\'bar\\'_i\\]\\:flex[data-foo$="bar" i], .data-\\[foo\\$\\=bar_baz_i\\]\\:flex[data-foo$="bar baz" i], .data-\\[foo\\=1\\]\\:flex[data-foo="1"], .data-\\[foo\\=bar_baz\\]\\:flex[data-foo="bar baz"], .data-\\[potato_\\=_\\"salad\\"\\]\\:flex[data-potato="salad"], .data-\\[potato_\\^\\=_\\"salad\\"\\]\\:flex[data-potato^="salad"], .data-\\[potato\\=\\"\\^_\\=\\"\\]\\:flex[data-potato="^ ="], .data-\\[potato\\=salad\\]\\:flex[data-potato="salad"] {
+    .group-data-\\[disabled\\]\\:flex:is(:where(.group)[data-disabled] *), .group-data-\\[disabled\\]\\/parent-name\\:flex:is(:where(.group\\/parent-name)[data-disabled] *), .group-data-\\[foo\\$\\=\\'bar\\'_i\\]\\/parent-name\\:flex:is(:where(.group\\/parent-name)[data-foo$="bar" i] *), .group-data-\\[foo\\$\\=bar_baz_i\\]\\/parent-name\\:flex:is(:where(.group\\/parent-name)[data-foo$="bar baz" i] *), .group-data-\\[foo\\=1\\]\\:flex:is(:where(.group)[data-foo="1"] *), .group-data-\\[foo\\=1\\]\\/parent-name\\:flex:is(:where(.group\\/parent-name)[data-foo="1"] *), .group-data-\\[foo\\=bar\\ baz\\]\\/parent-name\\:flex:is(:where(.group\\/parent-name)[data-foo="bar baz"] *), .peer-data-\\[disabled\\]\\:flex:is(:where(.peer)[data-disabled] ~ *), .peer-data-\\[disabled\\]\\/sibling-name\\:flex:is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name)[data-disabled] ~ *), .peer-data-\\[foo\\$\\=\\'bar\\'_i\\]\\/sibling-name\\:flex:is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name)[data-foo$="bar" i] ~ *), .peer-data-\\[foo\\$\\=bar_baz_i\\]\\/sibling-name\\:flex:is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name)[data-foo$="bar baz" i] ~ *), .peer-data-\\[foo\\=1\\]\\:flex:is(:where(.peer)[data-foo="1"] ~ *), .peer-data-\\[foo\\=1\\]\\/sibling-name\\:flex:is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name)[data-foo="1"] ~ *), .peer-data-\\[foo\\=bar\\ baz\\]\\/sibling-name\\:flex:is(:where(.peer\\/sibling-name)[data-foo="bar baz"] ~ *), .data-disabled\\:flex[data-disabled], .data-\\[foo\\$\\=\\'bar\\'_i\\]\\:flex[data-foo$="bar" i], .data-\\[foo\\$\\=bar_baz_i\\]\\:flex[data-foo$="bar baz" i], .data-\\[foo\\=1\\]\\:flex[data-foo="1"], .data-\\[foo\\=bar_baz\\]\\:flex[data-foo="bar baz"], .data-\\[potato_\\=_\\"salad\\"\\]\\:flex[data-potato="salad"], .data-\\[potato_\\^\\=_\\"salad\\"\\]\\:flex[data-potato^="salad"], .data-\\[potato\\=\\"\\^_\\=\\"\\]\\:flex[data-potato="^ ="], .data-\\[potato\\=salad\\]\\:flex[data-potato="salad"] {
       display: flex;
     }
     "
@@ -2730,7 +2643,7 @@ test('variant order', async () => {
     }
 
     @media (hover: hover) {
-      :is(:where(.group):hover .group-hover\\:flex), :is(:where(.peer):hover ~ .peer-hover\\:flex) {
+      .group-hover\\:flex:is(:where(.group):hover *), .peer-hover\\:flex:is(:where(.peer):hover ~ *) {
         display: flex;
       }
     }
@@ -3003,7 +2916,7 @@ test('move modifier of compound variant to sub-variant if its also a compound va
     ]),
   ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
     "
-    .not-group-focus\\/name\\:flex:not(:is(:where(.group\\/name):focus *)), :is(:is(:where(.peer):focus ~ :where(.group\\/name)) .group-peer-focus\\/name\\:flex), :where(:is(:where(.group\\/name):focus *)) .in-group-focus\\/name\\:flex, .has-group-focus\\/name\\:flex:has(:is(:where(.group\\/name):focus *)) {
+    .not-group-focus\\/name\\:flex:not(:is(:where(.group\\/name):focus *)), .group-peer-focus\\/name\\:flex:is(:where(.group\\/name):is(:where(.peer):focus ~ *) *), :where(:is(:where(.group\\/name):focus *)) .in-group-focus\\/name\\:flex, .has-group-focus\\/name\\:flex:has(:is(:where(.group\\/name):focus *)) {
       display: flex;
     }
     "
diff --git a/packages/tailwindcss/src/variants.ts b/packages/tailwindcss/src/variants.ts
index d2695b4d2..c13c3ae12 100644
--- a/packages/tailwindcss/src/variants.ts
+++ b/packages/tailwindcss/src/variants.ts
@@ -610,13 +610,7 @@ export function createVariants(theme: Theme): Variants {
         selector = `:is(${selector})`
       }
 
-      // Put the target inside `:is` so browsers can limit style invalidation to
-      // it when the group changes. Keep `&` instead of the candidate's class so
-      // this also works with `@apply` and variants that change the target.
-      //
-      // The `:is` wrapper also keeps `has-group-*` from anchoring the group
-      // itself to the element carrying the utility.
-      node.selector = `:is(${selector} &)`
+      node.selector = `&:is(${selector} *)`
 
       // Track that the variant was actually applied
       didApply = true
@@ -657,7 +651,7 @@ export function createVariants(theme: Theme): Variants {
 
       // For most variants we rely entirely on CSS nesting to build-up the final
       // selector, but there is no way to use CSS nesting to make `&` refer to
-      // just the `.peer` class the way we'd need to for these variants, so we
+      // just the `.group` class the way we'd need to for these variants, so we
       // need to replace it in the selector ourselves.
       let selector = node.selector.replaceAll('&', variantSelector)
 
@@ -668,8 +662,7 @@ export function createVariants(theme: Theme): Variants {
         selector = `:is(${selector})`
       }
 
-      // As with `group`, constrain the target without repeating its selector.
-      node.selector = `:is(${selector} ~ &)`
+      node.selector = `&:is(${selector} ~ *)`
 
       // Track that the variant was actually applied
       didApply = true
diff --git a/packages/tailwindcss/tests/ui.spec.ts b/packages/tailwindcss/tests/ui.spec.ts
index e5da091d8..70ba7bd0f 100644
--- a/packages/tailwindcss/tests/ui.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/tailwindcss/tests/ui.spec.ts
@@ -2387,120 +2387,6 @@ test('shadow DOM has access to variables', async ({ page }) => {
   }
 }
 
-for (let kind of ['group', 'peer']) {
-  test(`${kind}-* variants`, async ({ page }) => {
-    let targets = html`
-      <div id="target" class="${kind}-focus:z-10"></div>
-      <div id="applied" class="applied"></div>
-    `
-
-    let { getPropertyValue } = await render(
-      page,
-      kind === 'group'
-        ? html`<div id="trigger" tabindex="0" class="group owner">${targets}</div>`
-        : html`<div class="owner">
-            <div id="trigger" tabindex="0" class="peer"></div>
-            ${targets}
-          </div>`,
-      css`
-        .owner > .applied {
-          @apply ${kind}-focus:z-20;
-        }
-      `,
-    )
-
-    expect(await getPropertyValue('#target', 'z-index')).toEqual('auto')
-    expect(await getPropertyValue('#applied', 'z-index')).toEqual('auto')
-
-    await page.locator('#trigger').focus()
-
-    expect(await getPropertyValue('#target', 'z-index')).toEqual('10')
-    expect(await getPropertyValue('#applied', 'z-index')).toEqual('20')
-
-    await page.locator('#trigger').blur()
-
-    expect(await getPropertyValue('#target', 'z-index')).toEqual('auto')
-    expect(await getPropertyValue('#applied', 'z-index')).toEqual('auto')
-  })
-}
-
-test('group-* variants do not change specificity', async ({ page }) => {
-  let { getPropertyValue } = await render(
-    page,
-    html`
-      <div id="trigger" tabindex="0" class="group">
-        <div id="target" class="target group-focus:z-10"></div>
-      </div>
-    `,
-    css`
-      @layer utilities {
-        .target {
-          z-index: 20;
-        }
-        .target.equal {
-          z-index: 30;
-        }
-      }
-    `,
-  )
-
-  await page.locator('#trigger').focus()
-
-  expect(await getPropertyValue('#target', 'z-index')).toEqual('10')
-
-  await page.locator('#target').evaluate((element) => element.classList.add('equal'))
-
-  expect(await getPropertyValue('#target', 'z-index')).toEqual('30')
-})
-
-test('stacked group-* variants match regardless of the order of the groups', async ({ page }) => {
-  for (let [outer, inner] of [
-    ['a', 'b'],
-    ['b', 'a'],
-  ]) {
-    let { getPropertyValue } = await render(
-      page,
-      html`
-        <div class="group/${outer}" data-active>
-          <div id="inner" class="group/${inner}" data-active>
-            <div id="target" class="group-data-active/a:group-data-active/b:z-10"></div>
-          </div>
-        </div>
-      `,
-    )
-
-    expect(await getPropertyValue('#target', 'z-index')).toEqual('10')
-
-    await page.locator('#inner').evaluate((element) => element.removeAttribute('data-active'))
-
-    expect(await getPropertyValue('#target', 'z-index')).toEqual('auto')
-  }
-})
-
-test('compound group-* and peer-* variants', async ({ page }) => {
-  let { getPropertyValue } = await render(
-    page,
-    html`
-      <div id="outer" tabindex="0" class="group">
-        <div id="peer" tabindex="0" class="peer"></div>
-        <div id="middle" class="group peer-group-focus:z-20">
-          <div id="target" class="group-peer-focus:z-10"></div>
-        </div>
-      </div>
-    `,
-  )
-
-  await page.locator('#peer').focus()
-
-  expect(await getPropertyValue('#target', 'z-index')).toEqual('10')
-  expect(await getPropertyValue('#middle', 'z-index')).toEqual('auto')
-
-  await page.locator('#outer').focus()
-
-  expect(await getPropertyValue('#target', 'z-index')).toEqual('auto')
-  expect(await getPropertyValue('#middle', 'z-index')).toEqual('20')
-})
-
 // ---
 
 const preflight = fs.readFileSync(path.resolve(__dirname, '..', 'preflight.css'), 'utf-8')