diff --git a/integrations/postcss/index.test.ts b/integrations/postcss/index.test.ts
index 7a263ba92..3e81195ee 100644
--- a/integrations/postcss/index.test.ts
+++ b/integrations/postcss/index.test.ts
@@ -712,3 +712,68 @@ test(
     await retryAssertion(async () => expect(await fs.read('dist/out.css')).toEqual(''))
   },
 )
+
+test(
+  'dev mode + source maps',
+  {
+    fs: {
+      'package.json': json`
+        {
+          "dependencies": {
+            "postcss": "^8",
+            "postcss-cli": "^11",
+            "tailwindcss": "workspace:^",
+            "@tailwindcss/postcss": "workspace:^"
+          }
+        }
+      `,
+      'postcss.config.js': js`
+        module.exports = {
+          map: { inline: true },
+          plugins: {
+            '@tailwindcss/postcss': {},
+          },
+        }
+      `,
+      'src/index.html': html`
+        <div class="flex"></div>
+      `,
+      'src/index.css': css`
+        @import 'tailwindcss/utilities';
+        @source not inline("inline");
+        /*  */
+      `,
+    },
+  },
+  async ({ fs, exec, expect, parseSourceMap }) => {
+    await exec('pnpm postcss src/index.css --output dist/out.css')
+
+    await fs.expectFileToContain('dist/out.css', [candidate`flex`])
+
+    let map = parseSourceMap(await fs.read('dist/out.css'))
+
+    expect(map.at(1, 0)).toMatchObject({
+      source: '<no source>',
+      original: '(none)',
+      generated: '/*! tailwi...',
+    })
+
+    expect(map.at(2, 0)).toMatchObject({
+      source: expect.stringContaining('node_modules/tailwindcss/utilities.css'),
+      original: '@tailwind...',
+      generated: '.flex {...',
+    })
+
+    expect(map.at(3, 2)).toMatchObject({
+      source: expect.stringContaining('node_modules/tailwindcss/utilities.css'),
+      original: '@tailwind...',
+      generated: 'display: f...',
+    })
+
+    expect(map.at(4, 0)).toMatchObject({
+      source: expect.stringContaining('node_modules/tailwindcss/utilities.css'),
+      original: ';...',
+      generated: '}...',
+    })
+  },
+)
diff --git a/packages/@tailwindcss-postcss/src/ast.ts b/packages/@tailwindcss-postcss/src/ast.ts
index 201dd4bf8..a2e1535e8 100644
--- a/packages/@tailwindcss-postcss/src/ast.ts
+++ b/packages/@tailwindcss-postcss/src/ast.ts
@@ -1,17 +1,54 @@
 import postcss, {
+  Input,
   type ChildNode as PostCssChildNode,
   type Container as PostCssContainerNode,
   type Root as PostCssRoot,
   type Source as PostcssSource,
 } from 'postcss'
 import { atRule, comment, decl, rule, type AstNode } from '../../tailwindcss/src/ast'
+import { createLineTable, type LineTable } from '../../tailwindcss/src/source-maps/line-table'
+import type { Source, SourceLocation } from '../../tailwindcss/src/source-maps/source'
+import { DefaultMap } from '../../tailwindcss/src/utils/default-map'
 
 const EXCLAMATION_MARK = 0x21
 
 export function cssAstToPostCssAst(ast: AstNode[], source: PostcssSource | undefined): PostCssRoot {
+  let inputMap = new DefaultMap<Source, Input>((src) => {
+    return new Input(src.code, {
+      map: source?.input.map,
+      from: src.file ?? undefined,
+    })
+  })
+
+  let lineTables = new DefaultMap<Source, LineTable>((src) => createLineTable(src.code))
+
   let root = postcss.root()
   root.source = source
 
+  function toSource(loc: SourceLocation | undefined): PostcssSource | undefined {
+    // Use the fallback if this node has no location info in the AST
+    if (!loc) return
+    if (!loc[0]) return
+
+    let table = lineTables.get(loc[0])
+    let start = table.find(loc[1])
+    let end = table.find(loc[2])
+
+    return {
+      input: inputMap.get(loc[0]),
+      start: {
+        line: start.line,
+        column: start.column + 1,
+        offset: loc[1],
+      },
+      end: {
+        line: end.line,
+        column: end.column + 1,
+        offset: loc[2],
+      },
+    }
+  }
+
   function transform(node: AstNode, parent: PostCssContainerNode) {
     // Declaration
     if (node.kind === 'declaration') {
@@ -20,14 +57,14 @@ export function cssAstToPostCssAst(ast: AstNode[], source: PostcssSource | undef
         value: node.value ?? '',
         important: node.important,
       })
-      astNode.source = source
+      astNode.source = toSource(node.src)
       parent.append(astNode)
     }
 
     // Rule
     else if (node.kind === 'rule') {
       let astNode = postcss.rule({ selector: node.selector })
-      astNode.source = source
+      astNode.source = toSource(node.src)
       astNode.raws.semicolon = true
       parent.append(astNode)
       for (let child of node.nodes) {
@@ -38,7 +75,7 @@ export function cssAstToPostCssAst(ast: AstNode[], source: PostcssSource | undef
     // AtRule
     else if (node.kind === 'at-rule') {
       let astNode = postcss.atRule({ name: node.name.slice(1), params: node.params })
-      astNode.source = source
+      astNode.source = toSource(node.src)
       astNode.raws.semicolon = true
       parent.append(astNode)
       for (let child of node.nodes) {
@@ -53,7 +90,7 @@ export function cssAstToPostCssAst(ast: AstNode[], source: PostcssSource | undef
       // spaces.
       astNode.raws.left = ''
       astNode.raws.right = ''
-      astNode.source = source
+      astNode.source = toSource(node.src)
       parent.append(astNode)
     }
 
@@ -75,18 +112,38 @@ export function cssAstToPostCssAst(ast: AstNode[], source: PostcssSource | undef
 }
 
 export function postCssAstToCssAst(root: PostCssRoot): AstNode[] {
+  let inputMap = new DefaultMap<Input, Source>((input) => ({
+    file: input.file ?? input.id ?? null,
+    code: input.css,
+  }))
+
+  function toSource(node: PostCssChildNode): SourceLocation | undefined {
+    let source = node.source
+    if (!source) return
+
+    let input = source.input
+    if (!input) return
+    if (source.start === undefined) return
+    if (source.end === undefined) return
+
+    return [inputMap.get(input), source.start.offset, source.end.offset]
+  }
+
   function transform(
     node: PostCssChildNode,
     parent: Extract<AstNode, { nodes: AstNode[] }>['nodes'],
   ) {
     // Declaration
     if (node.type === 'decl') {
-      parent.push(decl(node.prop, node.value, node.important))
+      let astNode = decl(node.prop, node.value, node.important)
+      astNode.src = toSource(node)
+      parent.push(astNode)
     }
 
     // Rule
     else if (node.type === 'rule') {
       let astNode = rule(node.selector)
+      astNode.src = toSource(node)
       node.each((child) => transform(child, astNode.nodes))
       parent.push(astNode)
     }
@@ -94,6 +151,7 @@ export function postCssAstToCssAst(root: PostCssRoot): AstNode[] {
     // AtRule
     else if (node.type === 'atrule') {
       let astNode = atRule(`@${node.name}`, node.params)
+      astNode.src = toSource(node)
       node.each((child) => transform(child, astNode.nodes))
       parent.push(astNode)
     }
@@ -101,7 +159,9 @@ export function postCssAstToCssAst(root: PostCssRoot): AstNode[] {
     // Comment
     else if (node.type === 'comment') {
       if (node.text.charCodeAt(0) !== EXCLAMATION_MARK) return
-      parent.push(comment(node.text))
+      let astNode = comment(node.text)
+      astNode.src = toSource(node)
+      parent.push(astNode)
     }
 
     // Unknown
diff --git a/packages/@tailwindcss-postcss/src/index.ts b/packages/@tailwindcss-postcss/src/index.ts
index 79e51d2aa..8a37f542c 100644
--- a/packages/@tailwindcss-postcss/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/@tailwindcss-postcss/src/index.ts
@@ -121,6 +121,7 @@ function tailwindcss(opts: PluginOptions = {}): AcceptedPlugin {
 
             DEBUG && I.start('Create compiler')
             let compiler = await compileAst(ast, {
+              from: result.opts.from,
               base: inputBasePath,
               shouldRewriteUrls: true,
               onDependency: (path) => context.fullRebuildPaths.push(path),